Bjørn Erik Pedersen 26f31ff6ce hugolib: Improve performance of content trees with many sections
Hugo's build process is roughly divided into three steps:

1. Process content (walk file system and insert source nodes into content tree)
2. Assemble content (assemble pages and resources according to sites matrix)
3. Render content

In #13679 we consolidated the page creation logic into one place (the assemble step). This made it much simpler to reason about, but it lost us some performance esp. in big content trees.

This commit re-introduces parallelization in the first step in the assemble step by handling each top level section in its own goroutine. This gives significant performance improvements for content trees with many sections.

Compared to master:

```
AssembleDeepSiteWithManySections/depth=1/sectionsPerLevel=6/pagesPerSection=100-10    19.26m ± ∞ ¹   14.54m ± ∞ ¹  -24.52% (p=0.029 n=4)
AssembleDeepSiteWithManySections/depth=2/sectionsPerLevel=2/pagesPerSection=100-10    19.74m ± ∞ ¹   16.45m ± ∞ ¹  -16.71% (p=0.029 n=4)
AssembleDeepSiteWithManySections/depth=2/sectionsPerLevel=6/pagesPerSection=100-10   106.18m ± ∞ ¹   71.23m ± ∞ ¹  -32.91% (p=0.029 n=4)
AssembleDeepSiteWithManySections/depth=3/sectionsPerLevel=2/pagesPerSection=100-10    38.85m ± ∞ ¹   30.47m ± ∞ ¹  -21.59% (p=0.029 n=4)
```
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Hugo

A fast and flexible static site generator built with love by bep, spf13, and friends in Go.


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Overview

Hugo is a static site generator written in Go, optimized for speed and designed for flexibility. With its advanced templating system and fast asset pipelines, Hugo renders a complete site in seconds, often less.

Due to its flexible framework, multilingual support, and powerful taxonomy system, Hugo is widely used to create:

  • Corporate, government, nonprofit, education, news, event, and project sites
  • Documentation sites
  • Image portfolios
  • Landing pages
  • Business, professional, and personal blogs
  • Resumes and CVs

Use Hugo's embedded web server during development to instantly see changes to content, structure, behavior, and presentation. Then deploy the site to your host, or push changes to your Git provider for automated builds and deployment.

Hugo's fast asset pipelines include:

  • Image processing Convert, resize, crop, rotate, adjust colors, apply filters, overlay text and images, and extract EXIF data
  • JavaScript bundling Transpile TypeScript and JSX to JavaScript, bundle, tree shake, minify, create source maps, and perform SRI hashing.
  • Sass processing Transpile Sass to CSS, bundle, tree shake, minify, create source maps, perform SRI hashing, and integrate with PostCSS
  • Tailwind CSS processing Compile Tailwind CSS utility classes into standard CSS, bundle, tree shake, optimize, minify, perform SRI hashing, and integrate with PostCSS

And with Hugo Modules, you can share content, assets, data, translations, themes, templates, and configuration with other projects via public or private Git repositories.

See the features section of the documentation for a comprehensive summary of Hugo's capabilities.

Sponsors

 

Linode     The complete IDE crafted for professional Go developers.     CloudCannon

Editions

Hugo is available in three editions: standard, extended, and extended/deploy. While the standard edition provides core functionality, the extended and extended/deploy editions offer advanced features.

Feature extended edition extended/deploy edition
Encode to the WebP format when processing images. You can decode WebP images with any edition. ✔️ ✔️
Transpile Sass to CSS using the embedded LibSass transpiler. You can use the Dart Sass transpiler with any edition. ✔️ ✔️
Deploy your site directly to a Google Cloud Storage bucket, an AWS S3 bucket, or an Azure Storage container. See details. ✔️

Unless your specific deployment needs require the extended/deploy edition, we recommend the extended edition.

Installation

Install Hugo from a prebuilt binary, package manager, or package repository. Please see the installation instructions for your operating system:

Build from source

Prerequisites to build Hugo from source:

  • Standard edition: Go 1.24.0 or later
  • Extended edition: Go 1.24.0 or later, and GCC
  • Extended/deploy edition: Go 1.24.0 or later, and GCC

Build the standard edition:

go install github.com/gohugoio/hugo@latest

Build the extended edition:

CGO_ENABLED=1 go install -tags extended github.com/gohugoio/hugo@latest

Build the extended/deploy edition:

CGO_ENABLED=1 go install -tags extended,withdeploy github.com/gohugoio/hugo@latest

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Documentation

Hugo's documentation includes installation instructions, a quick start guide, conceptual explanations, reference information, and examples.

Please submit documentation issues and pull requests to the documentation repository.

Support

Please do not use the issue queue for questions or troubleshooting. Unless you are certain that your issue is a software defect, use the forum.

Hugos forum is an active community of users and developers who answer questions, share knowledge, and provide examples. A quick search of over 20,000 topics will often answer your question. Please be sure to read about requesting help before asking your first question.

Contributing

You can contribute to the Hugo project by:

Please submit documentation issues and pull requests to the documentation repository.

If you have an idea for an enhancement or new feature, create a new topic on the forum in the "Feature" category. This will help you to:

  • Determine if the capability already exists
  • Measure interest
  • Refine the concept

If there is sufficient interest, create a proposal. Do not submit a pull request until the project lead accepts the proposal.

For a complete guide to contributing to Hugo, see the Contribution Guide.

Dependencies

Hugo stands on the shoulders of great open source libraries. Run hugo env --logLevel info to display a list of dependencies.

See current dependencies
github.com/BurntSushi/locker="v0.0.0-20171006230638-a6e239ea1c69"
github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery="v1.10.1"
github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2="v2.15.0"
github.com/andybalholm/cascadia="v1.3.3"
github.com/armon/go-radix="v1.0.1-0.20221118154546-54df44f2176c"
github.com/bep/clocks="v0.5.0"
github.com/bep/debounce="v1.2.0"
github.com/bep/gitmap="v1.6.0"
github.com/bep/goat="v0.5.0"
github.com/bep/godartsass/v2="v2.3.2"
github.com/bep/golibsass="v1.2.0"
github.com/bep/gowebp="v0.3.0"
github.com/bep/imagemeta="v0.8.4"
github.com/bep/lazycache="v0.7.0"
github.com/bep/logg="v0.4.0"
github.com/bep/mclib="v1.20400.20402"
github.com/bep/overlayfs="v0.9.2"
github.com/bep/simplecobra="v0.5.0"
github.com/bep/tmc="v0.5.1"
github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2="v2.3.0"
github.com/clbanning/mxj/v2="v2.7.0"
github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2="v2.0.4"
github.com/disintegration/gift="v1.2.1"
github.com/dlclark/regexp2="v1.11.5"
github.com/dop251/goja="v0.0.0-20250125213203-5ef83b82af17"
github.com/evanw/esbuild="v0.24.2"
github.com/fatih/color="v1.18.0"
github.com/frankban/quicktest="v1.14.6"
github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify="v1.8.0"
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi="v0.129.0"
github.com/ghodss/yaml="v1.0.0"
github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer="v0.21.0"
github.com/go-openapi/swag="v0.23.0"
github.com/go-sourcemap/sourcemap="v2.1.4+incompatible"
github.com/gobuffalo/flect="v1.0.3"
github.com/gobwas/glob="v0.2.3"
github.com/gohugoio/go-i18n/v2="v2.1.3-0.20230805085216-e63c13218d0e"
github.com/gohugoio/hashstructure="v0.5.0"
github.com/gohugoio/httpcache="v0.7.0"
github.com/gohugoio/hugo-goldmark-extensions/extras="v0.2.0"
github.com/gohugoio/hugo-goldmark-extensions/passthrough="v0.3.0"
github.com/gohugoio/locales="v0.14.0"
github.com/gohugoio/localescompressed="v1.0.1"
github.com/golang/freetype="v0.0.0-20170609003504-e2365dfdc4a0"
github.com/google/go-cmp="v0.6.0"
github.com/google/pprof="v0.0.0-20250208200701-d0013a598941"
github.com/gorilla/websocket="v1.5.3"
github.com/hairyhenderson/go-codeowners="v0.7.0"
github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2="v2.0.7"
github.com/jdkato/prose="v1.2.1"
github.com/josharian/intern="v1.0.0"
github.com/kr/pretty="v0.3.1"
github.com/kr/text="v0.2.0"
github.com/kyokomi/emoji/v2="v2.2.13"
github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful="v1.2.0"
github.com/mailru/easyjson="v0.7.7"
github.com/makeworld-the-better-one/dither/v2="v2.4.0"
github.com/marekm4/color-extractor="v1.2.1"
github.com/mattn/go-colorable="v0.1.13"
github.com/mattn/go-isatty="v0.0.20"
github.com/mattn/go-runewidth="v0.0.9"
github.com/mazznoer/csscolorparser="v0.1.5"
github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure="v1.5.1-0.20231216201459-8508981c8b6c"
github.com/mohae/deepcopy="v0.0.0-20170929034955-c48cc78d4826"
github.com/muesli/smartcrop="v0.3.0"
github.com/niklasfasching/go-org="v1.7.0"
github.com/oasdiff/yaml3="v0.0.0-20241210130736-a94c01f36349"
github.com/oasdiff/yaml="v0.0.0-20241210131133-6b86fb107d80"
github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter="v0.0.5"
github.com/pbnjay/memory="v0.0.0-20210728143218-7b4eea64cf58"
github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2="v2.2.3"
github.com/perimeterx/marshmallow="v1.1.5"
github.com/pkg/browser="v0.0.0-20240102092130-5ac0b6a4141c"
github.com/pkg/errors="v0.9.1"
github.com/rivo/uniseg="v0.4.7"
github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal="v1.13.1"
github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2="v2.1.0"
github.com/sass/libsass="3.6.6"
github.com/spf13/afero="v1.11.0"
github.com/spf13/cast="v1.7.1"
github.com/spf13/cobra="v1.8.1"
github.com/spf13/fsync="v0.10.1"
github.com/spf13/pflag="v1.0.6"
github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2="v2.20.37"
github.com/tdewolff/parse/v2="v2.7.15"
github.com/tetratelabs/wazero="v1.8.2"
github.com/webmproject/libwebp="v1.3.2"
github.com/yuin/goldmark-emoji="v1.0.4"
github.com/yuin/goldmark="v1.7.8"
go.uber.org/automaxprocs="v1.5.3"
golang.org/x/crypto="v0.33.0"
golang.org/x/exp="v0.0.0-20250210185358-939b2ce775ac"
golang.org/x/image="v0.24.0"
golang.org/x/mod="v0.23.0"
golang.org/x/net="v0.35.0"
golang.org/x/sync="v0.11.0"
golang.org/x/sys="v0.30.0"
golang.org/x/text="v0.22.0"
golang.org/x/tools="v0.30.0"
golang.org/x/xerrors="v0.0.0-20240903120638-7835f813f4da"
gonum.org/v1/plot="v0.15.0"
google.golang.org/protobuf="v1.36.5"
gopkg.in/yaml.v2="v2.4.0"
gopkg.in/yaml.v3="v3.0.1"
oss.terrastruct.com/d2="v0.6.9"
oss.terrastruct.com/util-go="v0.0.0-20241005222610-44c011a04896"
rsc.io/qr="v0.2.0"
software.sslmate.com/src/go-pkcs12="v0.2.0"
Languages
Go 93.9%
C 2.5%
JavaScript 2.5%
HTML 0.8%
Makefile 0.2%